Discussion: Nanotechnology in its Socio-economic Context

Nanotechnologies are commonly touted as instruments to be exploited for the benefit
of developed, as well as for developing countries, and especially for alleviating
the problems of the poor. Defenders of nanotechnology argue that it is possible to
learn from experience, avoiding the errors made with past technologies. Precaution,
however, should not slow down innovation, which is the key factor in solving many
of the problems of the poor. Clearly the focus is on innovation, and finding a solution
to the problems of the poor is just a mechanical consequence. But it is not necessary,
and nor is it true, that the faster the technological path, the narrower the gap between
rich and poor. Indeed, judging from past experience, the opposite has usually
been shown to be the case. We put forward the argument that nanotechnologies,
like any other type of technology, cannot be separated from the socio-economic
and political context in which they are generated, commercialized and utilized. Considering
the current context, it is highly likely that the nanotechnology revolution
will help widen the gap between rich and poor in the world.

Key words: nanotechnology, nanotechnology and society, developing countries